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Agencies involved -
Central Adoption Resource Authority -
The Central Adoption Resource Agency existing before the commencement of Juvenile Justice Act, 2015, shall be deemed to have been constituted as the Central Adoption Resource Authority under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 to perform the following functions, namely:—

  • to promote in-country adoptions and to facilitate inter-State adoptions in co-ordination with State Agency;
  • to regulate inter-country adoptions;
  • to frame regulations on adoption and related matters from time to time as may be necessary;
  • to carry out the functions of the Central Authority under the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in respect of Inter-country Adoption;
  • any other function as may be prescribed

Juvenile Justice Board -
Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the State Government shall, constitute for every district, one or more Juvenile Justice Boards for exercising the powers and discharging its functions relating to children in conflict with law under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015. A Board shall consist of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial Magistrate of First Class not being Chief Metropolitan Magistrate or Chief Judicial Magistrate (hereinafter referred to as Principal Magistrate) with at least three years experience and two social workers selected in such manner as may be prescribed, of whom at least one shall be a woman, forming a Bench and every such Bench shall have the powers conferred by the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 on a Metropolitan Magistrate or, as the case may be, a Judicial Magistrate of First Class.

Child Welfare Committee -
The State Government shall by notification in the Official Gazette constitute for every district, one or more Child Welfare Committees for exercising the powers and to discharge the duties conferred on such Committees in relation to children in need of careand protection under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 and ensure that induction training and sensitisation of all members of the committee is provided within two months from the date of notification. The Committee shall consist of a Chairperson, and four other members as the State Government may think fit to appoint, of whom atleast one shall be a woman and another, an expert on the matters concerning children.

Special Juvenile Police Unit -
Special Juvenile Police Unit means a unit of the police force of a district or city or, as the case may be, any other police unit like railway police, dealing with children and designated as such for handling children under section 107 of JJ Act, 2015. In every police station, at least one officer, not below the rank of assistant sub-inspector, with aptitude, appropriate training and orientation may be designated as the child welfare police officer to exclusively deal with children either as victims or perpetrators, in co-ordination with the police, voluntary and non-governmental organisations. To co-ordinate all functions of police related to children, the State Government shall constitute Special Juvenile Police Units in each district and city, headed by a policeofficer not below the rank of a Deputy Superintendent of Police or above and consisting of all police officers designated under sub-section (1) and two social workers having experience of working in the field of child welfare, of whom one shall be a woman. All police officers of the Special Juvenile Police Units shall be provided special training, especially at induction as child welfare police officer, to enable them to perform their functions more effectively. Special Juvenile Police Unit also includes Railway police dealing with children.

Children’s Court -
Children’s Court means a court established under the Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 or a Special Court under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, wherever existing and where such courts have not been designated, the Court of Sessions having jurisdiction to try offences under the Act.

Childline Services -
Childline services means a twenty-four hours emergency outreach service for children in crisis which links them to emergency or long-term care and rehabilitation service.

Child Care Institutions -

Child Care Institutions or agencies or facilities managed by the State Government, or a voluntary or non-governmental organisation, meansChildren Home, open shelter, observation home, special home, place of safety, Specialised Adoption Agency and a fit facility or any other institution that may come up in response to a particular need or agencies or facilities authorised and registered under section 41 of JJ Act, for providing residential care to children, on a short-term or long-term basis.



  • “Children’s Home” means a Children’s Home, established or maintained, in every district or group of districts, by the State Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-governmental organisation, and is registered as such for the purposes specified in section 50 of the JJ Act. These Children Homes shall be established for the placement of children in need of care and protection for their care, treatment, education, training, development and rehabilitation. The State Government shall designate any Children’s Home as a home fit for children with special needs delivering specialised services, depending on requirement.
  • “Open shelter” means a facility for children, established and maintained by the State Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-governmental organisation under sub-section (1) of section 43 of JJ Act, and registered as such, for the purposes specified in that section. These open shelters shall function as a community based facility for children in need of residential support, on short term basis, with the objective of protecting them from abuse or weaning them, or keeping them, away from a life on the streets.
  • “Observation home” means an observation home established and maintained in every district or group of districts by a State Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-governmental organisation, and is registered as such, for the purposes specified in sub-section (1) of section 47 of JJ Act. These Observation Homes shall be established for temporary reception, care and rehabilitation of any child alleged to be in conflict with law, during the pendency of any inquiry under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015. Every child who is sent to an observation home shall be segregated according to the child’s age and gender, after giving due consideration to physical and mental status of the child and degree of the offence committed.
  • “Special home” means an institution established by a State Government or by a voluntary or non-governmental organisation, registered under section 48 of JJ Act, for housing and providing rehabilitative services to children in conflict with law, who are found, through inquiry, to have committed an offence and are sent to such institution by an order of the Board;
  • “Place of safety” means any place or institution, not being a police lockup or jail, established separately or attached to an observation home or a special home, as the case may be, the person in-charge of which is willing to receive and take care of the children alleged or found to be in conflict with law, by an order of the Board or the Children’s Court, both during inquiry and ongoing rehabilitation after having been found guilty for a period and purpose as specified in the order;
  • “Specialised Adoption Agency” means an institution established by the State Government or by a voluntary or non-governmental organisation and recognisedunder section 65 of JJ Act, for housing orphans, abandoned and surrendered children, placed there by order of the Committee, for the purpose of adoption.
  • “Fit facility” means a facility being run by a governmental organisation or a registered voluntary or non-governmental organisation, prepared to temporarily own the responsibility of a particular child for a specific purpose, and such facility is recognised as fit for the said purpose, by the Committee, as the case may be, or the Board, under sub-section (1) of section 51 of JJ Act;
  • “Fit person” means any person, prepared to own the responsibility of a child, for a specific purpose, and such person is identified after inquiry made in this behalf and recognised as fit for the said purpose, by the Committee or, as the case may be, the Board, to receive and take care of the child;


Children coming under the purview of JJ System-
Children in Conflict with Law -
  • a child who is alleged or found to have committed an offence and who has not completed eighteen years of age on the date of commission of such offence.
Children in Need of Care and Protection -
  • who is found without any home or settled place of abode and without any ostensible means of subsistence; or
  • who is found working in contravention of labour laws for the time being in force or is found begging, or living on the street; or
  • who resides with a person (whether a guardian of the child or not) and such person—
    a) has injured, exploited, abused or neglected the child or has violated any other law for the timebeing in force meant for the protection of child; or
    b) has threatened to kill, injure, exploit or abuse the child and there is a reasonable likelihood of the threat being carried out; or
    c) has killed, abused, neglected or exploited some other child or children and there is a reasonable likelihood of the child in question being killed, abused, exploited or neglected by that person; or
  • who is mentally ill or mentally or physically challenged or suffering from terminal or incurable disease, having no one to support or look after or having parents or guardians unfit to take care, if found so by the Board or the Committee; or
  • who has a parent or guardian and such parent or guardian is found to be unfit or incapacitated, by the Committee or the Board, to care for and protect the safety and well-being of the child; or
  • who does not have parents and no one is willing to take care of, or whose parents have abandoned or surrendered him; or
  • who is missing or run away child, or whose parents cannot be found after making reasonable inquiry in such manner as may be prescribed; or
  • who has been or is being or is likely to be abused, tortured or exploited for the purpose of sexual abuse or illegal acts; or
  • iwho is found vulnerable and is likely to be inducted into drug abuse or trafficking; or
  • who is being or is likely to be abused for unconscionable gains; or
  • who is victim of or affected by any armed conflict, civil unrest or natural calamity; or
  • who is at imminent risk of marriage before attaining the age of marriage and whose parents, family members, guardian and any other persons are likely to be responsible for solemnisation of such marriage;

List of JJBs and CWCs with details and Contact No.-